F
or centuries, Vienna has been home to great art collections.  Members of the Imperial family and other Viennese aristocratic families were patrons, who both collected and commissioned great art from great artists.  Some of these collectors and their respective prized collections were: the Counts of Harrach, the Esterhazy collection, the Schonborn-Buchheim collection, the Czernin, Lamberg, Metternich and Kaunitz collections and of course the Princes of Liechtenstein.  Their passions covered a wide spectrum of arts and cultural genres and their respective periods.  

In recent years, Vienna has been the scene of highly important developments in world class art facilities.  In 2001, MuseumsQuartier one of the largest art and cultural complexes in the world opened in Vienna's Old City Centre.  This was followed by the re-opening of a completely redesigned and restored Albertina, a vital part of the Hofburg with its royal apartments and one of the finest and largest graphic art collections in the world.   In 2004, after total restoration, the Liechtenstein Museum reopened  to showcase the Princely Collections for the first time since World War II.

For the visitor, Vienna offers an unparalleled opportunity to enjoy great art in classic, magnificent surroundings that in themselves, are works of art.  Today, we take pleasure in introducing, or re-acquainting you with a selection of top collections and museums in Vienna.

MuseumsQuartier  
In June 2001, one of the ten largest cultural facilities in the world opened in Vienna.  Conceived in the spirit of Berlin's Museum Island, MuseumsQuartier (MQ) pioneered new concepts for arts and culture in urban areas.  The complex offers 60,000 square meters of space, to more than 40 institutions dedicated to modern and contemporary art and culture. 

A link to MuseumsQuartier

The Leopold Museum at MQ  
The Leopold Museum was specially built for the permanent presentation of this collection compiled by Rudolf and Elisabeth Leopold, in the course of five decades.  In 1994 , it was transferred to the Leopold Museum private foundation, with the assistance of the Republic of Austria and the Austrian Nationalbank.  With 12,600 square meters of usable space, it is one of the main artistic and architectonic attractions in the new MuseumsQuartier.  

The Leopold Museum presents the world's largest collection of works by Egon Schiele, together with masterpieces by Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, Richard Gerstl, and Albin Egger-Lienz, and paintings and works on paper by Herbert Boeckl, Hans Böhler, Anton Faistauer, Anton Kolig, Alfred Kubin, and Wilhelm Thöny. It also includes exemplary works from the 19th century by Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller, Friedrich Gauermann, August von Pettenkofen, Anton Romako, Emil Jakob Schindler, Carl Schuch, and others.

In addition, the Leopold Collection encompasses important objects from the Austrian arts & crafts movement at the turn of the last century, by Otto Wagner, Adolf Loos, Josef Hoffmann, Koloman Moser, and Dagobert Peche.

A link to the Leopold Museum

MUMOK (The Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig at MQ)

After moving from its two former Vienna locations, the MUMOK now has the opportunity to show its collections at a single spectacular site in a new museum building.  With its emphasis on Pop Art, Photo Realism, Fluxus, Nouveau Réalisme, and Viennese Actionism, the museum uniquely combines the highlights of socially conscious, reality-based art and performance art of the 20th century.

The collection also encompasses Concept Art, Minimal Art, Land Art, Arte Povera, installation and object art of the recent past, and media-related positions of present-day art. On six exhibition levels, the opening presentation will focus on the individual trends in chronological order and on smaller, thematically defined groups of works that manifest the interrelated manner in which way we perceive art in the last two decades.   The MUMOK is the Largest Austrian Museum for modern art and contemporary art. 

A link to MUMOK

Kunsthalle Wien at MQ

In two Vienna locations - one in MuseumsQuartier and one on Karlsplatz - the Kunsthalle Wien offers space for endless possibilities.  The distinctly functional flexible architecture of the two halls in MuseumsQuartier is perfectly suited for the varied aesthetic and media requirements of contemporary art.   

A link to Kunsthalle Wien

The Albertina  Art Museum Palace  
With its famous graphic collection, the Albertina is considered one of the most important museums in the world. Here, one can find Dürer’s “The Field Hare” and Klimt’s studies of women. Once the largest Habsburg living quarters, the Albertina sits majestically on the south end of the Imperial Palace on one of the last remaining bastions of Vienna.

Founded in 1776 by Duke Herzog Albert of Saxe-Teschen, the collection contains more than a million prints and 60,000 drawings. Famous works such as Dürer’s "The Field Hare" and "Hands folded for Prayer," Rubens’s studies of children as well as masterworks of Schiele, Cézanne, Klimt, Kokoschka, Picasso and Rauschenberg are shown in changing exhibitions. The Albertina also owns an architecture collection and a newly created collection of photographs (Helmut Newton and Lisette Model, among others).

The state rooms of the largest living quarters of the Habsburg family, were once occupied by the favorite daughter of Empress Maria Theresia, Archduchess Marie-Christine, later by her adopted son Archduke Karl, the victor of the battle of Aspern against Napoleon.  

A link to the Albertina

The Liechtenstein Museum  
In March 2004, the collection of Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechtenstein returned to its original home, a baroque garden palace in the Rossau (meaning "horse meadow") in Vienna's 9th district.  The palace was built under Prince Adam Andreas I of Liechtenstein (1657-1712) who was one of the truly great patrons of architecture in his time. 

Today, the Princely Collections comprise about 1,500 pictures including masterpieces from Early Renaissance to Austrian Romanticism.  Artists represented in the collection include Lucas Cranach the Elder, Raphael, Guido Reni, Peter Breughel the Younger. Jan Breughel the Elder, Peter Paul Rubens, Anthony van Dyck, Frans Hals, Rembrandt, Rudolf von Alt, Ferdinand Georg Waldmuller and Francesco Hayez.  Sculptures by artists like Antico, Andrea Mantegna, Giambologna, Adrain de Fries and Antonio Canova are also of significant historical importance. 

The main entrance on the ground floor opens to the Sala Terrena and the horse-drawn Golden Carriage of Prince Joseph Wenzel of Liechtenstein.   From there the visitor enters the Sculpture Gallery, and then Gallery I: The Reception of Antiquity - Rome as a Model, Gallery II: Neoclassicist Art - Painting at the time of Beethoven, Haydn and Mozart, and Gallery III: Biedermeier Painting in Schubert's Day.

The upper floor contains seven galleries and Hercules Hall, which is the largest secular Baroque room in Vienna.  The exhibitions include Gallery IV: Early Italian Painting, Gallery V: Renaissance Portraits - Italy and the North, Gallery VI: Baroque Painting in Italy, Gallery VII: Peter Paul Ruben's Decius Mus Cycle, Gallery VIII: Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck - Mythological and Religious Subjects, Gallery IX: Peter Paul Rubens, Anthony Van Dyck and Frans Hals - Portraits.

Visitors to the Liechtenstein Museum with an appetite for a gourmet experience, as well as their cultural pursuits, can enjoy a meal in Ruben's Brasserie offering traditional Austrian dishes or the restaurant Ruben's Palais which offers the delights of French cuisine  

A link to the  Liechtenstein Museum

Academy of Fine Arts Gallery of Paintings  
Theophil Hansen designed the building of the Academy of Fine Arts, which was constructed between 1872 and 1876.  The Academy has a gallery of Old Masters (works by Dutch and Flemish painters of the 17th century, above all, Rubens and van Dyck). Other remarkable pieces include the altarpiece of the Last Judgment by Hieronymus Bosch, Murillo's "Two Boys Playing Dice" or views of Venice by Francesco Guardi.

Museum of Fine Arts  
The Museum of Fine Arts was built in 1891 near the Imperial Palace, to house the extensive collections of the imperial family. With its vast array of eminent works and the largest Bruegel collection in the world, it is considered one of the most eminent museums in the world.

Numerous major art works of European art history, among them Raphael’s "Madonna in the Meadow," Vermeer’s "The Allegory of Painting," the Infanta paintings by Velazquez, masterworks by Rubens, Rembrandt, Dürer, Titian and Tintoretto are housed in the paintings gallery.

In the Collection of Sculpture and Decorative Arts, one finds rarities from the former art collections of the Habsburgs, and in the Egyptian and Near Eastern Collection there are many treasures of important ancient cultures.

The architectural mirror image of the Museum of Fine Arts is the Museum of Natural History on the opposite side, which was also built according to designs by Gottfried Semper and Karl von Hasenauer.  

A link to Vienna's Museum of Fine Arts

Dinner at the Museum  
Every Thursday from 6:30 to 10:00 pm, the traditional restaurant and catering company Gerstner, offers a splendid buffet dinner in the exclusive ambiance of the Cupola Hall in the Museum of Fine Arts under the motto "Arts & Delights."

Classical background music accompanies the exquisite buffet, which includes appetizers, main dishes and desserts. And between courses you have the opportunity to walk through the famous picture gallery of the museum.

Museum of Fine Arts at the Imperial Palace (New Palace)  
Additional collections of the Museum of Fine Arts can be found in the New Palace, the most recent addition to the Imperial Palace, which was built around 1900. These include  magnificent armor and silver weapons of the Imperial Stables and Armory or old pianofortes of the Collection of Historical Musical Instruments. The Ethnological Museum is also housed in the New Palace. One can reach them easily on foot from the main museum by simply crossing the Ringstrasse.

Austrian Gallery Belvedere  
Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663 - 1736), the most brilliant military mind of his age, commissioned Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt to design and build the garden palace Belvedere as a summer residence outside the walls of the city.

The palace, one of the most exquisite Baroque structures in the world, consists of two palaces (Upper and Lower Belvedere). A majority of the rooms were adapted to house the Austrian Gallery.

A link to the Austrian Gallery Belvedere 

Upper Belvedere (Oberes Belvedere):
Austrian Gallery of the 19th and 20th Centuries
In the Upper Belvedere, the Austrian Gallery of the 19th and 20th Centuries shows a marvelous collection of Austrian as well as international art from the last two centuries: The highlight is "Vienna around 1900 and the Art of the Classical Modern" featuring the largest collection of Klimt paintings (including his gilt pictures ,The Kiss and Judith), and a number of works by Egon Schiele.  It also contains prominent works of the French impressionists, the most important paintings of the Viennese Biedermeier era (with works by Waldmüller, Amerling, and Fendi) and major paintings by Romako, Makart, Boeckl, Wotruba, Hausner, Lehmden, Hundertwasser and many others.

Lower Belvedere (Unteres Belvedere):
Museum of Medieval Art and Baroque Museum
The Baroque Museum contains the world’s most comprehensive collection of works by Maulbertsch, Messerschmidt and Donner (among them, the original statues from the Donner Fountain on Neuer Markt). The Museum of Medieval Austrian Art in the Orangery of the Lower Belvedere features Romanesque and Gothic wood sculptures and altar panels, among them works by Pacher and Frueauf.

Companion articles . . . . 

Vienna - The Old City Centre

Vienna - Music Heritage

For additional information, follow this link to Vienna Tourism

For additional information, follow this link to the Austrian National Tourist Office

Our thanks to Vienna Tourism  and the respective museums for information used in this article.